苏联对当代中国第一次改革的影响

1956—1978年是当代中国第一次改革时期。苏共“二十大”是这次改革的起点,对斯大林的评价影响了这次改革的深度和广度,中苏冲突、论战使这次改革偏离了正常的航道。应该看到,中苏冲突、论战含有国家利益和意识形态的双重因素,认识中苏冲突、论战不能局限于社会主义阵营内部,而应从国际政治的角度出发,这样才能正确评价苏联对当代中国第一次改革的影响。同时应该看到,中国第一次改革为第二次改革留下了宝贵的遗产。

Influence of Soviet Union on first reform in contemporary China: concurrently on essence of Sino-Soviet debates

The period from 1956 to 1978 was the first reform in contemporary China. The 20th Congress of Soviet Communist Party was the starting point of the reform, and the depth and range of the reform was influenced by the evaluation of Stalin. The conflicts and debates between China and the Soviet Union made the reform off its normal track. It should be seen that the conflicts and debates between China and the Soviet Union included the double factors of national interests and ideology. Hence, to understand the conflicts and debates between China and the Soviet Union should be from the perspective of international politics rather than limited within the socialist bloc. Only in this way can the influence of Soviet Union on the first reform in contemporary China be correctly evaluated. Meanwhile, it should also be seen that valuable heritage is left by the first reform to the second one.