对“诗史”说文化成因的三维探溯

作为中国古代重要的文学批评和史学研究观念,"诗史"说源于中国古代特定的文化与现实。通过对这个文化源头的追溯,"诗史"说的形成原因从三方面被揭示出来:以"六经载道"为核心的六经一体观念是诗史混同的文化根源,由此衍生出的"六经皆史"说则为"诗史"提供直接的思想资源。"诗可以观""诗可以怨"的观点表现了诗在提供历史借鉴方面与史的共同之处,是"诗史"说得以产生的诗学依据。由于史料、制度和时代原因,造成历史记载的失实和残缺,是形成"诗史"说的史学原因。以"六经载道"为文化起点,以"六经为政"为文化逻辑,中国古代特定的文化规定了"诗史"说的生成与发展。

Three-Dimensional Exploration to the Cultural Causes for Historical Theory

As an important concept in Chinese literary criticism and historical study,Historical Theory originated from the unique culture and reality of ancient China. Through tracing the cultural origin of Historical Theory,three causes to the form of Historical Theory have been found,they are as follows,firstly, the view that all the Six Classics are Tao is the cultural origin of combining some features of poetry and history,based on it,a concept is formed which should be the direct conceptual resource of Historical Theory; secondly,the idea that a gentleman could observe the political affairs of a state and the populace could express their dissatisfaction through writing poetries is the poetics basis of Historical Theory; thirdly,the errors in historical records and the loss of historical materials are the historical causes to Historical Theory. It could be concluded that the formation and development of Historical Theory had been regulated by special cultural starting-point and logic in ancient China.