对我国农村居民最低生活保障制度建设的再思考

农村居民最低生活保障制度是社会救助的主要部分,同农村合作医疗制度、农村养老制度一并成为农村社会保障体系的三大基石。现阶段我国农村居民最低生活保障存在诸多问题:立法空白、政策缺失、保障对象不确定、保障标准偏低、保障资金难以保证以及社会认识有偏差。为此建议:根据我国国情,建立科学合理的同农村居民最低生活保障制度相关的法律体系;科学规划,构建以农村居民最低生活保障制度为基础的农村救助体系;规范保障对象的范围,进一步扩大覆盖范围;建立与社会生产力发展水平相适应的、待遇合理的农村居民最低生活保障制度;完善农村居民最低生活保障制度的资金筹措机制;建立定期对农村居民最低生活保障制度运行的检讨制度。

On the Construction of Rural Social Security System

The rural minimum living standard,together with rural cooperative medical system and rural pension system,is one of the three components of the social security system.At present,there are many problems in this area: legislative gaps,policy absence,object uncertainty,low standards,etc.Accordingly,the author suggests that China should establish a scientific and rational legal system concerning the issue;build a rural social aid system on the basis of minimum living standard;further expand the coverage;improve the financing mechanism;and set up a regular evaluation system.