不负举证责任当事人的事案解明义务初探

事案解明义务,是指在民事诉讼中,不负举证责任一方当事人对于事实厘清负有对于相关有利及不利事实之陈述或说明义务,及为厘清事实而提出的相关证据资料或忍受勘验的义务。它具有修正传统辩论主义、削弱证明责任在裁判案件中的作用和实现当事人程序上平等之功能。事案解明义务的适用应采例外化的观点,界定其适用条件和适用对象。若违反该义务,拟制对方当事人所提出的主张或依据该证据证明的事实为真实。我国应研究立法上引入事案解明义务。

On Disclosure Obligation of Case Facts of Litigant without Burden of Proof

The disclosure obligation of case facts refers to the party without burden of proof should assume some obligations in civil action,which includes clarifying the facts no matter it is beneficial to this party or not,and provides related evidence and undergoing inquisition in the process of clarifying facts.It has the function of amending traditional doctrine of debate,weakening the effect of burden of proof in the trial,and achieving equality in the proceeding.The application of the disclosure obligation of case fact should adopt the viewpoint of exception to define its applicative conditions and objects.If this obligation were violated,the opposing party＇s proposal or the facts proved by proof should be true.China should do research on how to lead disclosure obligation of case facts into legislation.