市场分割、政企关系与异地市场拓展

中国的市场仍旧存在某种程度的分割,如何突破这种市场分割到异地拓展市场是企业要考虑的现实问题。以前的研究主要是从省级层面或国家层面进行宏观分析。文章创新地从政企关系视角入手来考察市场分割情形下微观层面的企业异地市场拓展,也是首先把市场分割（和异地市场）分为省内（本市外）市场、省外市场和海外市场三个不同层面来研究的论文。用世界银行的调查数据从微观企业个体层面检验了企业异地市场拓展的可能。实证研究结果发现,市场分割确实阻碍了企业异地市场拓展,但这仅限于省内市场而不是省外市场。此外,市场分割是有方向性的,从地方保护主义严重的市场里走出来的企业更容易拓展异地市场,但此结论仅适用于国内市场拓展而不适用于海外市场拓展。良好的政企关系是有利于企业异地市场拓展的,但仅限于省外市场,对省内市场以及海外市场是无效的。文章解释了其中的原因,并分析了对于企业实践的启示。

Market segmentation,the relationship between enterprises and government,and nonlocal market expansion

There are still market segmentations in China. The Chinese enterprises must break through these market segmentations to expand their markets. The prior studies mostly analyzed from macro factors focused on provincial level or state level. This study is the first to investigate firm''s expansion nonlocal market under market segmentations from the perspective of the relationship between enterprises and government,and also firstly categorizes market segmentations (nonlocal market) to within province market (outside local city),outside province market and overseas market. This study examines the enterprises expanding nonlocal market with the survey data of the World Bank. The empirical results suggest that market segmentation impedes enterprise''s nonlocal market expansion,but this is limited to within the province other than outside the province. The finding also shows that market segmentation is directional,namely it is easier for enterprises in area with serious local protectionism to expand nonlocal market. But this conclusion is only for domestic market rather than foreign market. Good relationship between enterprises and government is beneficial for enterprises to expand nonlocal market,but it is limited to markets outside the province rather than markets within the province and overseas markets. This study explains the probable reasons and implications to firms'' practice.