俄罗斯比较优势动态转化的机制选择及对中国的借鉴与启示

通过对俄罗斯近年来对外贸易现状的研究,分析得到俄罗斯目前的经济发展依然严重依赖资源性产品等初级产品出口的局面,国内相关产业的薄弱,产业失衡问题严重,需要实现比较优势的动态转化。采用"干中学"模型推导和理论分析的分析方法,得出作为后进国家,"干中学"并不能帮助俄罗斯的比较优势动态转化的结论,明确指出:俄罗斯要想实现比较优势的动态转化,必须走自主创新的发展道路。同样处于战略转型期的中国,"人口红利"逐步消失,资源、能源问题日益严峻,创新发展系统尚不健全等一系列矛盾日益突出,在此形势下,俄罗斯比较优势动态转化机制的选择分析给我们指明了一个清晰方向。

How Russia Chooses the Dynamic Transformation Mechanism of Comparative Advantages,and the Reference and Enlightenment to China

Based on the status of Russian foreign trade in recent years, this article finds out that Russian economy still heavily relies on the export of primary products such as natural resources. The related domestic industries remain weak, and the industry structure is seriously imbalance＆ All of these need Russia to implement the dynamic conversion of comparative advantages. Using the model derivation of ＂learning by doing＂ and theory analysis method, this article concludes that as a backward country, ＂learning by doing＂ cannot ~,elp countries like Russia to realize dynamic conversion of comparative advantages, and it further points out that if Russia wants to realize dynamic conversion of comparative advantages, it must rely on the development road of independent innovation. In addition, China is in the same stage of strategic transformation. The ＂demographic dividend＂ is gradually disappearing; the problem of resources and energy is becoming more and more serious; innovative development system is not perfect, and also a series of conflicts are becoming increasingly prominent problems. In this situation, the analysis about how Russian choose the transformation mechanism of the dynamic comparative advantages indicates a clear direction for us.