西方悲剧理论的两大类型

西方悲剧理论可以划分为两大类型,一种类型是肯定历史正义的存在,另一种类型是否定历史正义的存在。而肯定历史正义的西方悲剧理论又因为寻找悲剧产生的原因的不同,可以划分为两大走向。西方悲剧理论大致可以划分为三大走向,一是由亚里士多德所开创、中经席勒到黑格尔集大成的悲剧理论,二是由车尔尼雪夫斯基提出到马克思、恩格斯完成的悲剧理论,三是叔本华、尼采的悲剧理论。前两大走向是肯定历史正义的存在,后一大走向是否定历史正义的存在。

The Two Categories of Western Theories on Tragedy

Western theories on tragedy fall into two categories,one in favor of and the other against the existence of historical justice.The former can further be divided into two orientations judging from their respective conclusions on reasons for the tragedy.Generally speaking,western tragedy theories involve three orientations,namely: those initiated by Aristotle and developed and integrated by Schiller and Hegel;those raised by Chernishevsky and later perfected by Marx and Engels,and those by Schopenhauer and Nietzsche.The first two orientations are in favor of the existence of historical justice,whereas the last is against it.