从《跨太平洋伙伴协议》（TPP）看美国区域贸易协定环境议题的发展

美国正在通过《跨太平洋伙伴协定》（TPP）构建新一代高标准的自由贸易协定范本。其高标准反映在若干方面，环境议题的变化尤为明显。通过文章的梳理和分析，同NAFTA和其他所有美国同他国间的自由贸易协定相比，TPP谈判草案环境章节涵盖的环境议题更多、加载给成员国的环境义务更重、规定的争端解决方式更具体、文本可操作性更强。这些变化说明环境议题在自由贸易协定中的地位日益凸显，彰显出贸易与环境之间相互制衡的关系在新贸易规则构建过程中的分量。中国的环境法律相对薄弱，是否以及何时加入TPP谈判应再三权衡。

Exploring the Development of Environmental Issues in American Free Trade Agreement Based on TPP

The United States has been establishing a high-standard FTA model through TPP which demonstrates in many aspects, especially environmental issues. Compared with NAFTA and other American FTA, TPP draft covers more comprehensive environmental issues. Also, TPP seems to impose more duties on its members, which shows better operability and details. All the difference indicates that environmental issues have turned out to be much more important than ever before in FTA. Environmental laws in China are relatively weak and the environmental standard has been in great need to be improved.