社会管理体制的基本阐释、变迁动力与阶段划分

改革开放30多年以来，来自内部的改革实践和来自外部的先进理念与实践影响两股力量，共同推动了我国社会管理体制的交迁。从历时角度看，以“利益分化”和“社会流动”两个维度为轴心，我国社会管理体制的变迁经历了四个阶段，包括：从1978年至1984年的阶段，以“社会维稳”为特征；从1984年至1992年的阶段，以“社会流动”逐渐增加为特征；从1992年到党的十六大的阶段，以“转变政府职能”为特征；自党的十六大以来的现阶段，以“科学发展”和建设“和谐社会”为特征。同时，这个变迁过程具有渐进、非均衡、开放动态、社会管理载体社区化、自下而上和自上而下结合五个明显特征。

The Basic Interpretation,Transformation Power and Stage Division on the Social Management System

The reform practice from the internal and external advanced idea has become the two powers to promote the Chinese social management system change since the reforming and opening.From the diachronic perspective,taking the "social differentiation" and "social mobility" two dimensions as the axis,the change of Chinese social management system has experienced four stages: from 1978 to 1984 period,the feature is "social stability";from 1984 to 1992,the "social mobility" gradually increased;from 1992 to the Sixteenth National Congress of the CPC,the feature is the "change government function";from the Sixteenth National Congress of the CPC on,the feature is the "scientific development" and the construction of "harmonious society".At the same time,the change process has the following five distinct characteristics: incremental,non-equilibrium,open and dynamic,social management carrier community,the combination of bottom-up and top-down.