原始阅读方式与早期的文本释读符号

以另文对正文加以解释补充的著作形式也是古已有之 ,几乎是与书籍同步出现的。以符号助读或释读也是一种古老的阅读方式。这些符号至汉时已相当规范 ,汉时已有了句读的记载 ,《说文解字》中有对这些阅读符号的解释。但是 ,以前由于没有见到实物 ,尚难对具体情况作出分析 ,近年来 ,出土了大量战国竹简文书 ,部分简书上有一些阅读标记 ,根据这些 ,我们可以对早期阅读方式作一些具体分析。上博简《孔子论诗》中有多种墨标符号 ,将它与其郭店简等比较 ,可看出它们的一些具体功能。有一些也体现了作者对文本的独特的理解。

On the Primitive Way of Reading and the Early Signs for Interpreting Texts

The supplementary texts which were used for interpreting texts emerged almost in the same period as books in ancient times. These signs became quite standardized and recorded in the Han Dynasty. A Chinese Dictionary written by Xu Shen in the East Han Dynasty has explanations of these signs. In the past, it was difficult to evaluate them for lack of material evidences. In recent years, many bamboo slips with some reading signs of the Period of Warring States have been unearthed. Confucius'' Comments on Poetry written on Shangbo Bamboo Slips have some ink signs. Through a comparative study of others like Guodian Bamboo Slips, we can find their meanings as well as the author''s own understanding of the texts.