论民族自治地方政府机构改革的深化——基于新中国成立初期探索的思考

民族自治地方政府在新一轮机构改革中进行了历史性变革和系统性重塑，然而顶层设计与分层对接机制优化、机构设置细化与整合、运转协同和效能提升仍未完全到位。回溯机构改革史，中华人民共和国成立初期作为政府顶层设计和系统性构建阶段，是民族自治地方政府机构建设最富成效的历史时期之一。这一时期的民族自治地方政府机构建设强调权能配置和人员构成的民族性，逐步差异化设置机构、探索单一制下政府机构平衡设置等历史经验，可以为进一步深化政府机构改革提供有益借鉴。在新的历史起点上深化民族自治地方政府机构改革应以新时代中国特色社会主义思想为引领，合理汲取历史养分，进一步深化理论研究，完善法制体系，明晰特殊性职权和民族性职能，健全顶层设计与分层对接机制，创新改革模式，强化地方参与性，切实破解改革难题，推动政府自身建设持续走向深入。

On the Deepening of the Reform of Government Institutions in Ethnic Autonomous Areas—Thoughts on the Exploration in Early Period after the Foundation of New China

Governments in ethnic autonomous areas have carried out historic changes and systematic reshaping in the new round of institutional reform,but the optimization of top-level design and hierarchical docking mechanism,the refinement and integration of institutional settings,the coordination of operation and the improvement of efficiency are not yet fully in place.Looking back on the history of institutional reform,we may find that the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China,as the stage of government top-level design and systematic construction,is one of the most effective historical periods for the construction of government institutions in ethnic autonomous areas.During this period,the construction of government institutions in ethnic autonomous areas emphasized the ethnic character of power allocation and personnel composition,gradually differentiated the establishment of institutions,and explored the balanced setting of government institutions under the unitary system and other historical experiences,which can provide useful reference for our further reform of government institutions.Deepening the reform of government institutions in ethnic autonomous areas at a new historical starting point should be guided by the thought of socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era,reasonably absorbing historical nutrients,further deepening theoretical research and improving the legal system.We should clarify the special powers and ethnic functions,improve the top-level design and hierarchical docking mechanism,innovate the reform model,strengthen local participation,and effectively solve the reform problems.In this way,we can continue to deepen the self-construction of the government.