井筒重力热管室内实验与矿场试验研究

利用重力热管的高效传热特性，将其应用在井筒流体加热过程中，分析了重力热管加热效果的外部影响因素。结果表明，重力热管在不消耗额外能量的条件下，利用深部流体能量提高井筒上部流体的温度，能起到均衡井筒温度场的作用，进而改善井筒温度分布剖面。室内实验表明：工质类型、工质充液率、真空度对重力热管的传热效果有很大影响。矿场试验表明：在适当的条件下，能够将原油温度加热到原油凝点以上，降低原油粘度，改善原油流动性，井底抽油杆载荷，满足生产实际的要求；重力热管加热过程受井底温度、热管下入深度、油井产液量以及原油物性等因素的影响，随着井底温度、热管下入深度、油井产液量的增加，重力热管的传热效果变好。

Laboratory Experiment and Field Test of Gravity Heat Pipe

Gravity heat pipe is used in the course of well bore heating by utilizing its characteristics of efficient heat-transfer.Several external factors are analyzed during well bore heating.The result shows that gravity heat pipe technology can increase the temperature of the upper fluid in well bore by absorbing the surplus energy of the lower fluid in well bore and no extra energy is consumed,thereby,the method can balance fluid temperature field and improve the temperature distribution profile along the wellbore.Under some favorable conditions,the temperature of crude oil can be raised up to condensation point,viscosity will be decreased,flow ability improved,the load of sucker rod at bottom hole decreased,the demand of production met.Heating course of gravity heat pipe is affected by many external factors such as downhole temperature,setting depth,production rate and physical property of oil.As the increase of downhole temperature,setting depth and production rate,the effect of gravity heat pipe improves.