中国含油气盆地输导体系类型及其有效性评价

从油气输导单元入手进行系统分析，认为断裂、不整合、输导层和裂缝的产状、性质是影响输导油气能力及其有效性的最重要因素。在不同类型含油气盆地的成藏系统框架下，划分了12 类油气输导体系，指出油气输导具有不一致性和非均质性，不同输导体系的时空配置特征和演化是控制输导体系有效性的关键。总结了断陷盆地、克拉通盆地和前陆盆地不同构造位置输导体系的发育特征，指出输导体系决定了油气的运移方向、成藏时期和位置。提出原型盆地的输导体系类型和有效性控制因素，筛选了输导体系时空有效性评价参数，评价了输导体系能否有效地为圈闭输送具有商业开采价值的油气资源量。研究表明，断陷盆地的断拗转换期形成的输导体系、海相克拉通的台缘相的断裂和台地相风化岩溶输导体系、前陆盆地的前缘斜坡和冲断带输导体系是3 类盆地的最有效输导体系，为研究各盆地的成藏有效性，以及含油气盆地的勘探部署提供了有益的参考。

The Passage System and Effectiveness Evaluation of Oil and Gas Basin in China

Starting from analysis of passage system unit, we conclude that fault, unconformity, carrier bed, occurrence and character of fracture are the important factors of the ability and effectiveness of transporting oil and gas. Passage systems are the system channels connecting“source”and“reservoir”. In the accumulation system frame of different types of oil and gas basins, 12 types of oil and gas passage system are pointed out. Study indicates that transportation of oil and gas is of inconsistency and heterogeneity, and the key to passage system effectiveness is space-time distribution and evolution of different passage systems. The development characteristics of passage systems in different locations of fault basin, cratonic basin and foreland basin are studied and we find out that passage system determines the direction of oil and gas migration, accumulation period and location. Based on the study, the passage system types and the controlling factors effectiveness evaluation of prototype basin and find out evaluation parameters of the space-time effectiveness. Taking the amount of migration, accumulation efficiency and the scale of oil and gas fields as evaluation criteria, the efficiency of passage system is evaluated. Study shows that formed at rift-depression period of fault basin, the platform margin facies fault and platform facies karst of cratonic basin,the foreslope and thrust belt of foreland basin are the most effective passage systems. This study provides a useful reference for studied on accumulation effectiveness and exploration planning of oil and gas basins.