蔡元培的学术观及其大学课程建设思想探析

蔡元培从大学是研究高深学问的宗旨出发,十分推重理论科学的独特作用,因而在课程建设上十分重视基础知识和基本理论的教育。他重在学理的大学课程建设思想,目的是要通过高素质的教育,培育全面发展的人才。为此,他特别强调师资质量对教学的决定作用,并要着力于培养学生的独立研究能力;同时又明确把德、智、体、美并列而称之为"四育",是培养"健全的人格"所不可偏废的。他积极主张吸收外国先进的科学文化,同时又要择善而从,重在消化,反对简单模仿和全盘欧化的错误倾向。这为课程建设提供了重要的指导思想。

Cai Yuanpei's Academic Views and His Thoughts on Curriculum

From the purpose that college education was for the study of great learning, Mr. Cai Yuanpei had high regard for the unique function of theoretical sciences. So on curriculum he attached great importance to the rudimentary knowledge and basic theory education, aiming at cultivating all-around talents by means of high quality education. Therefore, Mr. Cai Yuanpei highly emphasized the decisive part of teachers' quality and made his effort to train the students to research on their own. At the same time, he defined moral, intellectual, physical and aesthetic education as "four education", which he thought should not be neglected when sound personality was to be formed. Mr. Cai Yuanpei vigorously advocated that we should choose and follow what was good and combat simple copy and wholesale westernization while absorbing advanced science and culture from abroad. And it's also important to assimilate what absorbed. All of these provided important guiding thoughts on curriculum.