双重贫困——民国时期甘肃鸦片种植成因析论

民国时期,甘肃鸦片种植面积迅速扩大,达到了历史最高点,甘肃一度被称为“烟国”,对甘肃社会的正常行进影响至巨。追溯其根由,鸦片种植最切要的因素是政府经济来源匮乏,借征收烟亩罚款挹注财政;其次,农家生计维艰,种植贩卖鸦片换取些许货币维持简单生活;进而,地方社会交通建设滞后,农家剩余农产品销售市场狭窄,而鸦片质轻价高,便于运输;同时广大乡土社会医疗卫生条件落后,鸦片可充当治疗疾病的“药品”。总而言之,鸦片种植泛滥是政府和农家双重贫苦状态下的产物。

Double Poverty-The Reason Analysis of Planting Opium in the Period of Minguo

During the period of Minguo,The opium planting areas in Gansu quickly increased and reached its summit.Gansu used to be called as smoking country at that time and the phenomenon greatly influenced the normal development of the society.The preliminary reason for planting opium in Gansu is the shortage of economic resources.Therefore,some fine can be levied on opium to complement the government fiscal income.The second reason is that it is difficult for peasants to support themselves.By selling opium,the peasant can at least keep their basic level of life.Thirdly,The opium is light with high price,so it is more convenient for transportation compared with other agricultural products which are confined by the backward transportation condition.The opium can also be used as the curable medicine.In short,the opium is the product of poverty coming from the government as well as the peasants.