从实践出发:开启艺术人类学研究的新视域

从实践出发,就是把社会生活的实际运行过程作为最基本的研究对象和研究目标,并使之贯穿于学术研究的始终。艺术人类学把从实践出发作为学科的学术价值取向,既承续了其母体学科文化人类学的学术传统,又确定了与文艺学、美学、艺术学等以艺术和审美为研究对象的诸学科相区别的学科边界,从而赋予艺术人类学作为文化人类学的新兴子学科或独立性的交叉学科的建构具有了合理性与合法性,进而开启出生活世界的艺术和审美活动的新视域,在艺术和审美研究领域拓展出以田野民族志为基本方法和以人们在生活中的艺术创作和接受行为为焦点、以由社会关系网络和社会结构所构成并对人及其行为具有形塑作用的场域为坐标、以由社会制度或社会规定性逐渐内化到人的身体之中而形成的并具有不断吸纳特定场域中新的社会规定性以调整与重构自身和实践对象的惯习研究为指归的研究策略。

Practice-orientation for New Approaches to the Anthropology of Art

Practice-orientation means taking the actual operation of social life as the basic research object and aim in the whole academic effort.The anthropology of art takes practice-orientation as its disciplinary,academic and value orientation,both inheriting the academic tradition of cultural anthropology as its maternal discipline and defining the disciplinary boundaries between aesthetics,literary studies and art studies that take art and aesthetics as the object.This approach provides the anthropology of art as a new branch of cultural anthropology or an independent interdisciplinary endeavor under construction with rationality and legality,and in turn offers new artistic and aesthetic visions in the actual world,taking field-ethnology as the basic method,behavior as the focus,field as the reference and habitus as the aim in terms of its research strategies.