区域贸易协定扩散与WTO新角色假说

"垫脚石"论、"飞转的相互依赖齿轮"论和"互补性竞争"论,都从积极的一面探讨了区域一体化与多边贸易体制之间的互动关系,然而"绊脚石"论依然具有客观事实依据和学术支持。在处理与区域贸易协定冲突问题尤其是贸易争端方面,法学界提出了多重选择方案,让WTO扮演"终结者"、"牧师"、"检察官"、"实施者"角色,甚至将WTO争端解决机制作为"公共物品"进行"外包",尚缺乏足够的现实基础和法律依据。穿越体制性障碍,进行制度再设计是今后努力的方向。中国应采取更加积极和务实的战略处理两者关系,充分利用多种战略平台促进对外开放,参与全球经济治理。应更加注重在全球多边贸易体系中的作用,尽力推动多哈回合谈判进程;更加务实地参与区域经济一体化;在强调扩大内需的同时,决不能降低对国际市场份额的追求;根据争端商品的市场竞争情况及价格影响和控制能力来选择贸易争端解决机制。

Regional Trade Agreement and the New Role of the WTO

While positive views about the interaction between regional unity and multi-lateral trade abound,negative ones are also frequently heard.The "stepping stone" and "stumbling stone" are metaphors for each.In the attempt to turn the stumbling stone to a stepping stone,legal experts have come up with various designs for the functioning role of the WTO:terminator,priest,inspector,practitioner,and even a public good to be packaged.On the part of China,the government ought to find out a compromising middle way between these two in a down-to-earth manner, and to participate in the management of global economy through various strategies,among them,further reform and opening to the outside being the most effective.