公平与效率关系的现实思考

作为价值判断,公平具有历史性、阶级性和相对性,在不同历史阶段和不同阶级、阶层的观念中会有不同的认知。公平包括一般公平、机会均等、分配公平、结果公平四个层面的涵义。人类社会进步的过程是效率和公平同时进步的过程,公平促进效率,效率促进公平,不可割裂二者之间的关系而片面强调效率或公平,这已为人类社会发展的历史和中国改革开放以来的实践所证明。贯彻效率与公平的统一并重,应当坚持整体的、实质性的和发展的原则。

Consideration of Relationship Between Fairness and Efficiency

As a judgment of value,fairness has historic and class significance,as well as relativity.In different historic periods,different classes would have different understanding.Fairness should include the following 4 aspects,i.e.general fairness,equal opportunity,fair distribution and fair result.The progress of the human society is the progress of efficiency and fairness.Efficiency promotes fairness,and efficiency or fairness cannot be stressed separately.And that has been proved by the development of the human society and also the development of the practice in China since the country's openingup and reform.To carry out the unification of efficiency and fairness,the principle of development should be persisted in an all around way.