北魏后期赦对官僚政治的影响

北魏后期,赦对官僚政治的影响,集中表现在官员的品阶、考课、监察和司法等方面。赦使官员的品阶得到普遍提升;赦消除了官员的负面记录,使官员在考课中受到优待,并成为不当考课得阶的挡箭牌;赦使御史的弹劾成为丧失效力的空文,也使法官的断案成为徒劳。赦的如此影响,与北魏后期官僚政治的发达和官僚管理制度的重点有关,也对这些制度建设形成了负面影响。

Impacts on Bureaucratic Politics of Remission in the Latter Northern Wei

In the latter Northern Wei,impacts on bureaucratic politics of remission concentrated on the aspects of official rank,merit examination,supervision and administration of justice.Remission upgraded officers’ rank.Remission gave officers advantages in merit examinations by eliminating their negative records,and it shielded their inappropriate ranks got from merit examinations;Remission invalided Yushi’s impeachment and judges’work.Such aspects of remissions were related with the developed bureaucratic politics and the main points of bureaucratic management in the latter Northern Wei,and it exerted unhealthy effects on the construction of systems in return.