“上有政策，下有对策”现象的公共选择理论分析

"上有政策,下有对策"是我国公共政策执行中经常存在的一种不良现象,其不仅阻碍了政令通畅、危害政府职责的有效完成,而且妨碍了政府公信力的树立、损害了党和国家政策的权威性。用公共选择理论来分析"上有政策,下有对策"现象,就是要把经济学的假定和方法应用于公共政策的执行中,以地方政府的自利性为研究切入点,分析了该现象发生的原因,并提出了相应的防治措施,如合理加大利益整合,大力加强信息沟通以及积极完善监督落实。

Analyzing the Phenomena that "the Subordinate Authority Does not Carry out Effectively the Policies According to the Request of Higher Government" Based on the Public Choice Theory

The phenomena that "the subordinate authority does not carry out effectively the policies according to the request of higher government" is usually existing in our country's public policy execution.Studying how to prevent this phenomenon from happening is not only important to carry out the central policy effectively,but is also valuable to promote the local government's policy power.This article uses the public choice theory to analyze this phenomenon.It puts the hypothesis and method of economics into public policy execution and takes the self-interesting of local government as the research breakthrough point.It analyzes the reason of this phenomenon and gives the corresponding prevention measures: Enlarging the benefit conformity reasonably,strengthening the information communication and carrying out surveillance positively.