农地制度的路径选择——以利益分配为视角

建国之初的农民土地私有制虽有其历史的正当性，但与国家的工业化目标发生冲突时，农民土地所有制被集体土地所有制所代替，其结果是低下的生产效率。实行家庭联产承包责任制部分解决了生产效率低下的问题，却没有保障农民在城市化过程中的利益，这主要源于农民没有成为农地制度的真正利益主体。现行农地制度的路径选择，应保证农民在衣地利益分配中的中心地位，而土地私有化并非是保证农民利益的唯一选项。

The Path of Choice of Agricultural Land System——From the Perspective of Interest Distribution

Despite its historical legitimacy at the beginning of the P. R. C. , farmers＇ private ownership of land is replaced by collective ownership of land when conflicting with the national goal of industrialization. However, the substitution results in low productivity, which is partly resolved by implementing household contract responsibility systern. The responsibility system does not guarantee the farmers＇ interests in the process of urbanization in that the farmers do not become the true beneficiary of the agricultural land system. Therefore, the path of choice of existing system of agricultural land should ensure the central status of farmers in the interest distribution of agricultural land, and the privatization of the land is not the only option to ensure the interests of farmers.