从蒂姆·温顿的《浅滩》看人性的“搁浅”

《浅滩》是澳大利亚作家蒂姆·温顿的迈尔斯·富兰克林奖获奖小说。目前，对该小说的研究多局限于其生态主题思想，而对其揭示出的人性阴暗面的主题鲜有涉及。本文基于人本主义心理学“人本善良、积极向上”的理论, 以文本解读的方式剖析小说中暴露出的人性的自私、贪婪、冷漠、盲从和无知等五种“搁浅”现象，而要解决这五种人性“搁浅”的问题，唯一有效的途径是解决生存问题，以真诚和信任为基础建立一种和谐的人与人之间、人与自然之间的关系，这有利于人性的自我完善。

"Grounding" of Humanity Reflected in Tim Winton's Shallows

Shallows is a novel written by an Australian writer Tim Winton, and nowadays some researches focus on its ecological theme and attend least to its reflection of the shadows of humanity. Through the perspective of humanistic psychology, holding "man is innately good and positive", the novel exposes the shadows of humanity: selfishness, rapacity, callousness, bigotry and ignorance. And in the novel it is not difficult to find out the most effective strategy for overcoming the "grounding" of humanity according to the theory of humanistic psychology is to solve the survival issue of the local citizens and to create a harmonious relationship between human beings, between man and nature with charity, equality and love, which will benefit " the self-actualization".