被遗忘权:理性评判与法律构造

欧洲法院的被遗忘权判决实际上赋予了个人从互联网上撤回、删除个人信息的权利，本质上是隐私权在网络空间中的拓展。“被遗忘权”引发了学术界的极大争论，支持者认为被遗忘权有助于实现个人信息自主，反对者认为被遗忘权有可能威胁言论自由。对被遗忘权的利弊考量应结合网络技术的发展趋势和制度背后的产业利益进行评判。事实上，被遗忘权虽与言论自由有所冲突，但可以通过权利限制机制和利益平衡原则调和。就法律构造而言，被遗忘权主体应当涵盖公众人物，义务主体则应包括网络搜索引擎服务商和网络内容提供商，同时，应构建被遗忘权的权利限制机制。对被遗忘权的深入探讨将有助于中国个人数据保护制度的革新与完善。

The Right to be Forgotten:Rational Judgment and Legal Structure

The judgment about the right to be forgotten by the European court of justice actually gives the individual the right to withdraw and delete the personal information from the Internet. And essentially it is the expansion of the right to privacy in cyberspace. The consideration of the pros and cons of the right to be forgotten should be combined with the trend of the development of network technology and the industrial interests behind the system. In terms of legal structure,even though the right to be forgotten conflicts with the freedom of speech,the conflict can be reconciled by the mechanism of right restriction and interest balance principle. The subject of the right to be forgotten covers public figures,and the compulsory subject should include Internet search engine service provider and Internet content provider. Clarifying the focus of the right to be forgotten will be helpful to the innovation and improvement of the personal data protection system in our country.