Cross-ratio estimation for bivariate failure times with left truncation

The cross-ratio is an important local measure that characterizes the dependence between bivariate failure times. To estimate the cross-ratio in follow-up studies where delayed entry is present, estimation procedures need to account for left truncation. Ignoring left truncation yields biased estimates of the cross-ratio. We extend the method of Hu et al., Biometrika 98:341–354 (2011) by modifying the risk sets and relevant indicators to handle left-truncated bivariate failure times, which yields the cross-ratio estimate with desirable asymptotic properties that can be shown by the same techniques used in Hu et al., Biometrika 98:341–354 (2011). Numerical studies are conducted.