礼藏于乐:礼乐文化的形态原型

礼的形态原型来源于乐。远古时代“事神人之事”的表现形态是“乐”而不是“礼”,上古以祭祀礼仪为中心的各种“礼”的存在是以“乐”的形式出现的,“礼”、“乐”实为一体,“礼”藏于“乐”。真正“礼”观念的出现,是从“礼节”和“仪节”开始自乐舞中分化出来开始的,并且这种分化又开始于人们对神灵态度的变化。从以乐舞降神到以乐舞祭神的转变,使原来融合在乐舞中的“礼节”和“仪节”逐步分化成为事神仪式中具有独立意义的元素,同乐舞一起构成整个事神仪式。礼乐关系也已开始从“礼藏于乐”的融合状态转向礼、乐独立,共同服务于事神礼仪的并列状态,“礼”观念、意识逐渐形成。

Rite Hidden in Music: The Shape Prototypes of the Rites, Poems and Music Relations

Music is the bridge and tie of poem, rite relation. When poem appears in various kinds of solemn ceremonies, what people realize at first is music, instead of poem. What it reflected is the music function, not the original meaning of poem. The poem is brought into field of the rites in music form. Music is obviously a component of rites. Etiquette in ancient time appeared in music form. Rites and music integrate into an organic whole from content to form. Rite is hidden in music.