论行政问责的效力范围

作为一种行政活动,行政问责的效力作用于一定的主体和事物,问责的效力范围即由问责的主体范围和客体范围所决定。行政问责效力范围的确定,既有利于保护基于问责形成的法律状态,又能防范问责机关之权力的滥用,保护公务员之正当权利免受不当问责之侵害。行政问责约束的行为主体包括：违法行为人,表明违法行为人需承担相应的不利性后果;问责机关,表明问责机关不能随意撤销、变更问责决定,亦不能对违法行为人进行重复评价;不特定主体,表明其需尊重基于问责形成的法律状态。行政问责作用客体则包括：劳动关系,表明问责机关可以解除与违法行为人的劳动关系;职务关系,表明问责机关可以撤销违法行为人之职务;岗位关系,表明问责机关可以调整违法行为人的工作岗位。

Scope of Validity of Administration Accountability

The scope of validity of administration accountability includes scope of subjects and objects. Accountability authorities couldn＇t revoke or change administration accountability and punish law breakers repeatedly without legal basis; unspecified subjects must respect legal state created by administration accountability. Scope of objects of administration accountability includes labor relations, duty relations and position relations, which means accountability authorities relieves the labor relationship with law breakers, dismisses duties of law breakers or readjust their position. It helps to protect legal state created by administration accountability, prevent abuse of power of accountability, and defend civil servant from the attack of improperly accountability.