关于请求权性质的辨析

请求权概念长期扮演着一个非常重要的角色。如何定义请求权的内涵与外延?请求权是否能简单定义为"要求他人行为或不行为之权利"?笔者将民事权利分为"动态权利"和"静态权利"两个层面的权利。债权不是请求权,债权概念甚至与请求权在权利系谱上毫不相干。请求权是静态权利(物权、债权、人身权、知识产权)的衍生权利,与形成权、支配权、抗辩权相对,均是静态权利发挥作用的结果,是静态权利的保障,它不得脱离于静态权利而转让他人。请求权是诉权的原因,但它是实体权利而非程序上的权利。

Discrimination on the Nature of Claim

The concept of Claim plays a very important role for a long time, and how to define the connotation and denotation of the claim is still a question.Could claim be defned as a simple definition： the right to ask others to act or omission.The author divide civil rights into two levels--dynamic rights and static rights. Creditor’ s right does not belong to the right of claim. Claim has nothing to do even with the claims in the rights pedigree.Claim is a kind of derivative rights of static rights, similar to right of formation、 right of dominance、 right of defense. Claim is the protection to the static right.It can’ t be tranfered to others separate from the the static right.Claims is the reason of the right to appeal, but it is a substantive right, but not the procedural rights.