王国维的汉晋木简研究——兼谈与“二重证据法”形成之关系

王国维运用现代考古学的成果 ,结合《史记》、《汉书》等文献史籍资料 ,对汉代边塞和烽燧的考实 ,玉门关址、楼兰及海头城位置的确定 ,西域丝绸之路的探索以及汉代边郡都尉官僚系统的职官制度的排列等汉晋木简所涉及的一系列相关问题 ,逐一做了详尽的考释 ,博大精深 ,对后人裨益极大。由此他创立的“二重证据法” ,即“纸上之材料”与“地下之新材料”相互印证的研究方法 ,对 2 0世纪中国学术研究产生了巨大的影响。仔细考察王国维的治学路径 ,这一方法实形成于他在日本期间 ,与罗振玉共同考释汉晋木简 ,写作《流沙坠简》之时。其后他又将此方法运用于甲骨文、金文和敦煌文书研究中 ,成为承前启后、继往开来的一代巨擘。 2 1世纪历史学研究的趋势便是多学科交叉研究 ,尤其是将现代考古学与历史文献学相结合 ,这正是承袭王国维的“二重证据法”而来

Wang Guo-wei and His Han-jin Bamboo Study

Wang Guo wei was the first men who studied the bamboo,who achieved a great on some subjects,such as the exact site of Yumen gate and beacon fires.If we looked at the Wang's academic road,we found that the method "double proofs"which had influenced 20 century academy was established in the year 1914,when he and Luo Zhen yu exemined and corrected the Han Jin bamboo and wrote Liu sha zhui jian,The general trend of 21th century history study is to combine the mordern archaeology and historical documents, which come from Wang's "double proofs".