我国零售业市场集中度影响因素的实证分析

随着我国零售业的飞速发展,我国零售业的市场结构及其绩效也备受关注。为了充分揭示我国零售业的市场集中度及其效率,本文通过选取我国零售业的相对市场集中度(CR)指数和赫芬达尔—赫希曼(HHI)指数,经计算得出我国零售业市场集中度呈现持续上升态势的结论。在此基础上,利用时间序列数据模型,对影响我国零售业市场集中度的因素作了实证分析。研究发现,我国零售业市场集中度受到期初集中度、规模经济、市场规模、外资进入等因素的影响显著,且与这些因素均呈现正相关,在这些因素的综合影响下,我国零售业市场集中度逐步提高;但2008年发生的国际金融危机导致我国零售业市场集中度下降。建议通过进行规模化发展、提高居民消费水平、加大对外开放、协调各种规模零售企业发展等措施,来进一步提高我国零售业市场集中度及其效率。

An Empirical Analysis on the Influencing Factors of China's Retail Market Concentration

With the rapid development of China’s retail industry,more concern is paid to its market structure and performance.In order to fully reveal China’s retail market concentration and its efficiency,this paper selects the relative market Concentration Rate(CR) and Herfindahl-Hirschman Index(HHI),the calculated result tells the conclusion that China’s retail market concentration rata shows a rising trend.On that basis,this paper makes an empirical analysis on the influencing factors of China’s retail market concentration by the Time-series data model,the study finds that initial market concentration,scale economy,market size and foreign capital entry are significantly positively related to China’s retail market concentration,which is on a gradual increase due to the combined effects of the above-mentioned factors.But the international financial crisis in 2008 has led to a decline in China’s retail market concentration.Accordingly,this paper finally proposes a large-scale development,household consumption standard improvement,more opening up to the world,a coordinated development of different scale retail businesses,etc.so as to improve the concentration and efficiency of China’s retail market.