唐代的灾荒与人口流迁

历史时期的灾荒与人口流迁有着极其密切的联系，任何忽视这一点的相关研究都不足以完整把握古代人口流迁的状况。唐代的自然灾害具有频次高、灾种多、波及广的特点，并且常常引发民生危机。由于封建统治阶层的盘剥和压榨，小农家庭承灾能力十分脆弱，政府的救助也只是杯水车薪，加之吏治腐败造成的“人祸”进一步放大了灾害的破坏性，灾民往往走上破产流亡的道路。唐中叶以后，战乱割据、政治腐败、土地兼并等严重削弱了民众的防灾抗灾能力，越是唐后期灾荒越是严重，人口流迁的规模也愈演愈烈。灾荒对唐代的人口流迁有着不容忽视的影响，并且在其发展

Famine and Population Migration in the Tang Dynasty

Famine was closely related to population migration in historical period. Tang dynasty, one of the dynasties with severe natural disasters, possessed such characteristics in natural disasters as multi-disaster, high frequency, and wide spread, and the crisis of people's livelihood was often caused. Because of the exploitation and squeezing of the feudal ruling class, the disasteraffected ability of peasants was very weak. Meanwhile, the government assistance was an utterly inadequate amount, and the corruption of the bureaucracy was severe. Therefore the victims of natural disasters often became impoverished and were forced to leave home. Especially after the mid Tang Dynasty, the war, political corruption and land annexation seriously weakened the capacity of disaster-resistance. Both famine and population migration were more and more serious in late Tang dynasty. In a word, famine greatly influenced the movement and migration of population in Tang dynasty.