统筹城乡发展典型模式的制度缺陷及改革路径

重庆市“三三五”户籍改革、山东省诸城市“村改居”、广东省“积分落户”和陕西省“推进有条件农民工进城落户”统筹城乡发展模式,以资源置换或精英移民为核心,折射出的仍然是农民身份歧视、城乡分立思维.改革并没有在根本上打破城乡二元结构,呈现的还是城是城、乡是乡的格局,不仅没能消解城乡居民之间经济福利和生存安全的制度保障差距,还不断强化了城乡居民生存成本和生存预期的心理距离.统筹城乡发展各项制度设计必须以农民身份为基础,构建城乡居民平权机制,尊重农民合理发展权,加快农民社会权利支持资源建设,实现农民与市民平等的公民权利、政治权利和社会权利.

Typical Patterns for Balanced Urban-rural Development:Institutional Defects and Reform Solutions

The current typical patterns for balanced urban-rural development, which were introduced in such Chinese provinces and cities as Chongqing, Shandong, Guangdong and Shaanxi, still reflect a thinking way of discrimination against peasants and institutional separation of urban areas from rural ones. Such reforms, rather than breaking up the current dual structure separating urban areas from rural ones, keep the gap between urban and rural residents in economic welfare and survival security and strengthen the psychological distance between urban and rural residents in living cost and life expectancy. Good patterns should reflect the urban- rural equality of right on the basis of treating peasants as citizens and the social right supporting resources building should be accelerated for rural peasants to win equal basic civil rights, political rights and social rights.