宪法:民主之法——论宪法学的研究对象

民主是宪法学的研究对象 ,宪法产生发展的历史、宪法的内容及宪法发展目标揭示了宪法学这一本质特征。从历史发展过程来看 ,宪法含义经历了从规定政权组织结构到规定公民权利 ,从规定公民权利到保障宪法中公民权利实现的变化 ;从现实世界范围内各国宪法内容考察 ,它们在形式上都承认主权属于人民 ,确认了一系列民主制度和民主原则 ;从人类发展趋势来看 ,民主是人类社会不懈的追求 ,由于需求的无限性 ,人类对民主的追求也没有止境。据此 ,宪法学研究范围具体应包括 :宪法基本理论、宪法制度、国家、公民及国家与公民的关系。

Constitution, Law of Democracy——On the target the constitution studies

Democracy is the target that the constitution studies. The production and development history, the content and the developing aim of constitution have revealed the character of constitution science. As far as history development process is concerned, the denotation of constitution has experienced from stipulating the framework of the state power to stipulating the citizens' rights and then to ensuring the fulfillment of such rights. It is known from investigation that constitutions of various countries of the world formally all acknowledge that the state sovereignty belongs to the people, and confirm a series of democratic systems and principles. From the developing trend of human being it can be seen that democracy is the target constantly pursued by mankind society. Because of the limitlessness requirement man pursues. man's pursuit of democracy is no end. Therefore, the content of constitution studied should include: the basic theory of constitution, the system of constotution, the state, citizen and the relation between the state and the citizen