知识的分类及其管理

知识管理是一个寻求数据和信息处理能力与员工的创造和革新能力协作组合的组织过程，其目的是为了提高企业应付外界环境变化的适应、生存和竞争能力。但是，由于知识具有多样性、复杂性和动态性等特征，试图通过一种模式来实施对知识的有效管理是不现实的，也是不可能的。企业要有效地管理知识，应在对企业知识进行分类的基础上，根据企业的经营目标，采取相应的管理策略，因此归纳了5种分类方法显性知识和隐性知识、内部知识和外部知识、个人知识和组织知识、实体知识和过程知识、核心知识和非核心知识，并时各种分类提出了相应的管理策略。

Classification and Management of Knowledge

Knowledge Management is the organizarional process that seek synergistic combination of data and in formation processing capacity, and the creative and innovative capacity of human being, for improving the organizational adaptability、 existence and competece of dealing with the variations of the external circumstance. But because of the variety、 complexity and development of knowledge, it is not actual and possible that try to managing knowledge by a model. This paper think that to managing knowledge effectively, the organization should use the corresponding management tactics according to the administration goal, under classifying knowledge. The paper sum up five classification methods of knowledge synthetically: dominance knowledge and recessive knowledge, internal knowledge and external knowledge, individual knowledge and organization knowledge, substance knowledge and process knowledge,core knowledge and non-core knowledge;and put forward the corresponding management tactics with every classification methods of knowledge.