试论口语交际的能力标准

口语交际是人与人之间交流和沟通的基本手段,口语交际能力的培养是语文课程基本目标之一,而这一目标的实现有赖于教学双方对口语交际能力标准的理解和把握。得体被认为是衡量口语交际能力高低的总标准,它既是培养口语交际能力的方向,又是检验口语交际能力的标尺。得体的总标准应包括言辞得体、腔调得体和体态得体三个分标准。言辞得体的基本要求是言辞合境及言辞合人;腔调得体的具体要求是语调恰当和语气适当;体态得体则包括表情自然、手势和谐及姿势稳妥等三项标准。

On the Standards of Oral Communication Competence

Speaking is the basic form of human communication.One of the basic aims of teaching Chinese is to cultivate the oral communication ability. However,the realization of this depends on the correct understanding of both teachers and learners. The general standard is the properness in oral communication,which is the direction of oral communication cultivation.Based on the three types of codes concerned in oral communication,i.e.,language,verbal non-language and silent non-language,the general standard of properness should conclude language properness,speaking tune properness and body language properness.The basic requirements of language properness is that language should accord to the environment and speakers;speaking tune properness demands that the speaker should express in proper tune and tone;body language properness includes natural facial expression,proper gesture and proper pose,etc.