鲁迅与沈从文乡土小说差异的文化生态学考察

鲁迅与沈从文同是中国现代文学史上的乡土文学大师,而共同致力于乡土小说创作,有着诸多共同背景,并有着师承关系的鲁迅与沈从文的故乡情怀却有着巨大的差异。文化生态学认为文化的生成与文化生态环境有着密切关系,作为文化载体的文学创作也不例外。就鲁迅与沈从文的乡土小说创作呈现出的差异而言,地域文化、童年记忆和教育经验等则起着十分重要的隐性或显性的作用。

A Cutural and Ecological Aualysis of the difference of regional novels by Lu xun and Shen Congwen

The great regional novelists Luxun and Shen Congwen lived in the same critical stage of Chinese historical times. In literary creation, they shared some commonness as the latter considered Luxun as his guidance. But their childhood experiences, educational backgrounds, divergent local cultures determine that their mood to hometown took on different looks. This is what the cultural ecology believes that ecological condition decides the final look of a culture, which in turn would leave a mark on the literary expressions. Thus, consciously or unconsciously, the cultural and ecological conditions nurturing two masters affected deeply their writings by putting on distinctive local colors respectively.