论沈从文的文学批评

坚持“纯正的文学趣味”，反对文学的商业化与政治化，强调文学的独立品格，是沈从文进行文学批评时遵循的基本文艺思想与美学原则。为此，他提出了一系列的批评观念与准则，如作品应“匀称”和“和谐”，作家应讲求创作的“技巧”与独创性等。而在批评方法与风格上，则表现为典型的印象式批评，他不是从作家的生平与外部环境入手，而是结合自己的创作实际，深入作家的内心世界，就文章本身加以分析与点评。同时，他还十分重视批评文体的多样性，反对千篇一律。沈从文的文学批评体现出的批评观与批评个性，在中国现代文学批评史上占有突出的位置。

On SHEN Cong-wen's Literary Criticism

Adhering to the pure flavour of literature,opposing commercial and power in literature,and emphasizing literary independence are the three esthetic principles of SHEN Cong-wen′s literary criticism.He put forth a series of critic conceptions and principles,such as “symmetry”,“harmony”,“techniques”,“originality”,ect.In the critic method and style,he practiced impress-type criticism,i.e. he didn′t start from the writer′s life and outside environment,but penetrated into the depth the writer′s inner heart and analysed and judged the writing itself,meanwhile,he paid high attention to the variety of criticisms,and objected to stereotype.His literay criticism takes a prominent place in the history of modern Chinese literary criticism.