“翻译研究”与文化研究

“翻译研究”作为一门独立学科在20世纪50-60年代的出现应归功于西方语言学者奈达、韦内、达贝奈特、穆南、威尔斯等人,但自70年代以后,通过霍尔姆斯、勒菲费尔、伊汶-佐哈、图里、巴斯奈特等人的努力,发生了“范式转移”,与文化研究结下不解之缘,并在90年代后殖民批评家斯皮瓦克、妮南贾娜和女权主义批评家谢莉·西蒙等人手中达到极致。这一“文化转向”昭示着翻译是浸透了时代欲望和社会关系的文化政治实践,并促使我们对传统译论有所反思。

"Translation Studies" and Cultural Studies: Two Interacting Aspects

The emergence of "translation studies" as an independent discipline in the 1960s is indebted to such linguists as E. A. Nida. Jean-Paul Vinay, Jean Darbelnet, Greorges Mounin and Wolfram Wilss for their painstaking efforts. Since the early 1970s, however, it has been in a "cultural turn" dimension under the work of James Holmes, Andre Lefevere, Ivan-Zohar, Gideon Toury and Susan Bassnett, and reached its height under the efforts by Gayatri Spivak, Tejaswini Niranjana and Sherry Simon. This "turn" shows that translation is a cultural-political practice loaded with the desires of times and social relationships and urges us to reflect upon the traditional translatology.