四端七情说中的道德原则先在性问题研究

孟子＂四端＂说为儒家＂仁＂学和＂性善＂说提供了具有普遍性的理论基础。朱熹对四端的发挥,以及理气、动静、发与未发等论证为道德提供了一种宇宙论、本体论和形而上的理论支撑。所以朱子尊德性和道问学并重,理本却绝不贱气。号称＂海东朱子＂的韩国儒学大师李退溪,将朱子学中理的方面加以发展,强调理的绝对优先性,存养道德,压制情欲,形成的性理学其实更近于二程;而与其并称＂理学双璧＂的栗谷的性情论与朱子更为接近。

On the Priority of the Moral Principle in the "Four Beginnings" and "Seven Emotions"

The universal basis for jen（love or human-heartedness）and theory of good nature in Confucianism were provided by Mencius＇ s Four Beginnings. The theory foundation on cosmology, ontology and metaphysics of moral were supported by Zhu Xi＇s theories including vital force and principle, dynamic and static, and occurring or not. So Zhu Xi emphasizes both virtue and learning, attaching importance to principle but never despising vital force. As T＇Oegye, the Korean major Confucian emphasizes the principle has an absolutely preference, which is close to the Two Chengs＇ view, while the theory of temperament by Yul-Gok is similar to the opinion of Zhu Xi.