道与中国哲学

作为中国哲学的核心范畴,道既指天道,也指人道.天道作为宇宙、自然的法则,属"必然",人道作为理想、规范,则表现为"当然".以道为视域,世界"是什么"和人应当"做什么",世界"怎么样"与人应当"如何做"等问题,内在地关联在一起.相对于"技","道"超越了经验之域而表现为形上的智慧,由"技"而进于"道",既指超越界限、达到对真实世界的整体理解,又指从知识走向智慧.对真实世界的整体理解,同时表现为一个"以道观之"的过程,后者意味着以统一之道为视域,扬弃和克服各种片面性,不断达到道的智慧.对中国哲学而言,道所内含的各种意义唯有通过人自身的知和行、认识世界和改变世界的过程才能呈现出来,而道与人的关联,具体又展开为实践的智慧.以"志于道"为形式,道进一步还涉及人自身的成长和发展问题,后者进一步指向人格的培养和完善.

Tao and Chinese Philosophy

Tao,a core element of Chinese philosophy,includes both Tao of the universe and Tao of mankind.The former refers to the laws of the universe and nature,and has the features ofnecessitywhile the latter refers to ideals and norms,and has the features ofcertainty.In the Taoist perspective,such crucial problems aswhat or how is the world?and what or how should man do?are closely related.Compared withskill,Tao transcends experience and finds expression in metaphysical wisdom.The process fromskilltoTaorefers both ...