形而上与形而下:后形而上学的解读--王船山的道器之辨及其哲学意蕴

作为中国古代哲学的总结者,王船山对于形而上与形而下之间的区分作出了不同于宋明儒家的理解.他的理解主要从两个前提出发:第一,之谓与谓之之辨,通过这两个语词的区分,王船山明确了形而上与形而下的区分不是世界固有区域的客观划分,而是根据主体的存在方式才作出的主观性划分;第二,有无与隐显之辨,通过这个讨论,王船山告诉我们,形而上与形而下之别是隐显之别,而不是有无之辨.王船山对形上、形下的如上解读意味着把哲学之思从形而上学框架内解放出来的努力,意味着后形而上学视域的开启.

The Metaphysical and the Under-metaphysical: A Post-metaphysical Interpretation--Wang Fuzhi's Distinction of Tao and Qi and Its Philosophical Significance

The differentiation between the metaphysical and the under-metaphysical has been a basic ontological distinction in Chinese philosophy. As the one who summarized the Chinese philosophy, Wang Fuzhi approached this differentiation in a different way from those Confucian scholars in the Song and Ming Dynasties. His understanding proceeds mainly from two premises. One is the distinction between Weizhi and Zhiwei. By distinguishing the one from the other, Wang Fuzhi made it clear that the distinction between metaphysical and the under metaphysical is not an objective one of fixed areas, but one depending on the mode of subjective existence. The other is the issue over presence and absence. Through his argument, Wang Fuzhi told us that the distinction between metaphysical and under metaphysical is one of presence and absence, but not being and non being.