理性的历史演变及中国社会的理性建构

近代启蒙哲学家开创近代理性主义以来,理性思想经历了"独断论"、"批判理论"、"辩证理性"、"技术理性"、"社会批判理论"、"交往理性"等的历史演变,各个历史阶段不同的思想家,从自己所抽象的理性理论出发批判、补充前人的思想,却难免从一个片面理论走向另一个片面理论,这种理性的历史演变虽难以穷尽,但其核心却揭示:具有现代系统整体性的理性思想应是一种肯定"技术理性"系统之外的"价值理性"系统存在的价值的理论.整体性的理性思想和肯定价值理性的理论为当代中国社会培育理性精神,达成技术理性、价值理性、艺术理性的统一,实现理性自身的超越提供了建设性思路.

Historical Evolvement of Rationality and Construction of Rationality in Chinese Society

Originated from the enlightening philosophers in recent centuries, the rationality has been evolving stepwise historically through different theories, such as dogmatism, criticism, dialectical rationality, technological rationality, social criticism and, communicative rationality. The thinkers in different historic stages based their critiques on the theories of rationality abstracted by themselves to reinforce what the previous thinkers expressed. But, their standpoints also unavoidably changed from one extremity to another. Although the historical evolvement of rationality goes on forever, its core reveals that the thought of rationality with modern wholeness ought to be a theory which confirms the existence of value rationality system besides the technological rationality system, thus providing a new constructive perspective to foster the rationality spirit in China so as to realize the unification of technological rationality, value rationality and art rationality and, finally, attain the goal to transcend the rationality itself.