我国城市最低生活保障制度发展的现状与建议

我国城市最低生活保障制度是应对国企改制和市场经济竞争负面影响的一道"安全网",为因各种原因陷入贫困的城市居民提供基本的生活保障,起到了维护社会稳定的作用。但由于设立时间短,政府重视程度不够,资金不足,城市人口增长过快且流动性大等原因,我国城市最低生活保障制度还存在一些亟待改进和完善的问题。在回顾城市最低生活保障制度发展历程和现状的基础上,总结和分析了制度在运行理念、管理实践和保障水平等方面存在的突出问题,提出了从保障贫困群体基本生存到促进其发展和社会融合的目标转变,完善社会救助立法和提高低保管理专业化和社会化水平,以及加强政府公共服务职能建设三方面的建议。

On the Development Status and Suggestions of China's Urban Minimum Living Security System

China’s Urban Minimum Living Security System is the product of economic reforms.And it is a "safety net" which responds to the negative effects of state-owned enterprise reforms and the competition in the market economy.The system provides the poor urban residents with the basic living security,which helps to maintain social stability.By reviewing the history and current status of the Urban Minimum Living Security System,this paper summarizes and analyzes some notable problems in aspects of operation concepts,management and social security level.In the last part,three proposals to improve the system are put forward:to change the target from maintaining the survival standards of poor communities to promoting their development;to improve the level of legislation and management of social assistance;and to strengthen the functions of government’s public service.