藏语音素音位系统的功能负担计算

文章通过引入传统语言学中＂音位功能负担＂的研究思路,以藏语的音素音位系统为研究对象,对拉萨话和夏河话的元音、辅音及声调的音位功能负担进行了量化研究,结果表明夏河话和拉萨话元音的音位功能负担差别不大,拉萨话辅音和声调音位功能负担的总和与夏河话辅音非常接近。夏河话复辅音中前置复音和部分辅音韵尾的脱落所造成的信息量的损失转移到声调上去,从而为历史语言中关于方言分化和声调产生理论提供了参考基础。

The Measurement of Phonemic Function Load in Tibetan

Using the concept ＇functional load＇ introduced from traditional linguistics,we measured the functional load of the vowel 、consonant and the tone in XiaHe and LaSa based on Phonemic system.The result is that the difference of vowels FL between LaSa and XiaHe is small and FL of consonant and tone added is close to consonant FL in XiaHe.Another computation suggests the information carried by consonant is transferred to tone for abscission of prior consonant and final end to provide reference for the dialectic divisions and production of tone theory in historical linguistics.