和谐社会的基本机制、约束因素及其对策(下)

社会公平和价值认同是社会和谐的基本机制。历史、国际经验、理论史和人类近二百年的历史发展表明,社会差距和社会不平等在加剧,社会问题越来越突出,建设和谐、美好的社会是人类社会发展面临的迫切任务。在任何条件下,包括市场经济条件下,都不会存在绝对公平和公正,不合理的所有制结构和不恰当的市场运作将加剧社会不公平和社会不公正。政府公共服务是自工业革命,特别是19世纪以来人类应对市场经济带来的不公平和不公正而采取的积极措施,社会广泛参与公共服务使政府公共服务进一步发展和完善。到目前为止,完善市场体制,加强政府公共服务和推动公众最大限度参与社会事务是人类应对不平等加剧的最佳选择之一。规范市场,发挥政府的公共服务职能,鼓励全社会参与,是消除社会不平等差距的基本手段,任何单一的行动都不足以应对人类所面对的严峻挑战,也都不能实现构建和谐社会的目标。

Basic Mechanism and Restriction Factors of Harmonious Society and Its Countermeasures

Social justice and value identity are the basic mechanism for a harmonious society. History, international experience, theoretical history and the development of human history in recent two hundred years indicates that the social gap and inequality are sharpen, social problems are more and more prominent, and to build a harmonious and glorious society is an urgent task for the development of human society. At any conditions, including the condition of market economy, there will not be any fairness and justice, while the unreasonable structure of ownership and improper maneuver of market will make worthier social unfairness and injustice. The governmental public service is an active measure adopted ever since the industrial revolution, especially since the 19th century, by human beings to cope with the unfairness and injustice brought about by the market economy. That society extensively involve in public service makes the government to further develop it. Hitherto, it is one of the best choices in coping with the worthier situation to reinforce governmental public service and promote the public to take part in social affair at the greatest extent. The basic means for eliminating social inequality will be to regulate the market, to display governmental function of public service, and to encourage the whole society to be involved. It will be not enough for any single action to cope with the severe challenge, nor can it to realize the target of constructing a harmonious society.