试论《墓园挽歌》中的华兹华斯诗学思想

华兹华斯曾在《抒情歌谣集》1800年版序言里,引用托马斯·格雷的诗作来说明18世纪的陈词滥调妨碍了诗歌表达真情实感。而基于对《墓园挽歌》的文本研究,认为《墓园挽歌》包含了华兹华斯诗学的三个哲学元素:(1)天人合一的自然生态思想;(2)超越理性的想象与情感论;(3)返璞归真的人性哲学。这表明《墓园挽歌》在从新古典主义文学过渡到浪漫主义文学的过程中起着承上启下的重要作用。正是这位充满感伤情绪的古典主义者在18世纪中叶传达了后来华兹华斯、柯尔律治等人要大力宣扬的浪漫主义诗学思想。

A Symphony of the Times：Wordsworth＇s Poetics Embodied in Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard

William Wordsworth once quoted Thomas Gray＇s poem in his The Prelude Lyrical Ballads（1800） to demonstrate that the cliché of 18 th century had hindered the expression of true feelings.Through carefully appreciation and study of Gray＇s Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard,we find that it was just this sentimental classicist who had promoted the later Wordsworth and Coleridge＇s Romantic theories on poetry in the mid-eighteenth century and there are three philosophical elements of Wordsworth＇s poetical thoughts hidded in the text：（1） Ecological conception of the integration of man and nature,（2） imaginative and affective theory beyond rationalism,（3） philosophy of human nature returning to purity and simplicity.These three findings show that Thomas Gray＇s Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard plays an important role of connecting what went before with what follows when the literature finish the transition from Neoclassicist Literature to Romantic Literature.