试论中国人对拉丁美洲的早期认知——基于明清中国史籍的分析

随着中外交流日益频繁,明清时期中国有关拉丁美洲的记述逐渐增多,主要包括世界史地著作、驻外使节和海外游历使的记述以及译自外国报刊书籍的译作等。有关拉丁美洲记述的增多,反映出中国人对拉丁美洲的认识不断深化:从经由外国人介绍而获得的间接认识到亲赴拉丁美洲各国常驻或游历得到直接认识,由概要的地理历史知识到对政治经济社会的全面了解。

Studies on Chinese Early Knowledge of Latin America Based on Chinese Ancient Documents in the Ming and Qing Dynasties

With the frequent exchanges between China and the foreign countries,the records of Latin America in Chinese documents gradually increased between the Ming and Qing Dynasties,including books of world history and geography,the accounts written by Chinese diplomatic envoys and overseas travellers and the works translated from foreign newspapers and books.The increasing record of Latin America reflected that Chinese knowledge of Latin America was deepening.It developed from indirect knowledge through introduction by foreign missionaries to direct knowledge from Chinese diplomatic envoys and overseas travellers,from a summary knowledge of history and geography to a comprehensive understanding of politics,economics and society.