大地湾陶符的性质及史前陶符的研究方法

考察史前陶符性质及其与文字起源的关系有两个重要的尺度:其一,史前陶符是否已经构成"符号关系";其二,史前陶符是否具有记录语言的痕迹。前一个尺度可帮助人们确立史前陶符的性质,后一个尺度赋予史前陶符以文字性。符号形态的相似程度仅是史前陶符解读的第一步,还应结合"符号考古"的方法,使用符号内证法、符号外证法和符号旁证法对史前陶符加以认真比对,尤其要注意对结构性"符号关系"的深入挖掘,从中找出规律性,增强史前陶符解读的科学性和合理性。

Properties of Pottery Symbols Unearthed in Dadiwan and Research Methods of Prehistoric Pottery Symbols

There are two important dimensions to investigate the properties of prehistoric pottery symbols and their relationship with the origin of writing:firstly,whether the prehistoric pottery symbols have already constituted"symbol relationship";secondly,whether the prehistoric symbols have the trace of recording language.The very first dimension will help us confirm the properties of these prehistoric pottery symbols,and the latter one will assign the writing properties to these symbols.The similarity of symbol forms is just the first step to interpret the prehistoric pottery symbols,we should integrate the method of"symbol archaeology"into the careful comparison of these symbols through the methods of internal evidence,external evidence and circumstantial evidence of symbols.We should attach great importance to the deep exploration of structural"symbol relationship"to find the rules behind them so as to enhance the scientificity and rationality of the interpretation of prehistoric pottery symbols.