南京国民政府时期的院系调整

国民政府奠都南京后遂逐步调整高等学校的院系。这些调整措施改善了高等教育的体系,奠定了后世中国高等教育的基础。民国时期院系调整可分为四个阶段。1927—1929年以实行大学区制为主要目标,合并一些大学和专门学校,建立综合性大学。20世纪30年代初的调整则以加强实科类院系,裁撤办理不善的文法科为主。抗战期间建立了一些专门院校。在抗战结束后,部分曾经停办的高校恢复办学,增设一些新的学校和院系。在四个调整期内,国民政府教育部始终贯彻以充实大学内容、发展实科的主导思想,同时也试图减少同一地区的院系重复。

School -department Adjustments during Nanking National Government

The government of the Republic of China began to practise school-department adjustments after its capital was established in Nanking.As a result,such measures improved higher education system,which created foundation for following higher education.The school-department adjustments fell into four phases.From 1927 to 1929,to practise the system of university areas,some colleges and schools were combined into multiversities.At the beginning of 1930's,technical colleges and departments were strengthened while liberal and legal education was weakened.Some special colleges were established during Anti-Japanese War.After the end of the war,some colleges and universities,which had been closed during the war,were reconstructed.Furthermore,some new schools and departments were founded.In the whole adjustments,the Ministry of Education of the National Government always focused on developing multi-disciplinary universities,enlarging applied studies,and attempting to reduce redundant schools and departments.