论董仲舒的历史辩证法思想

董仲舒从天人同类、彼此感应的宇宙观出发,认为天与人、自然界与人类社会是相互联系的;他从“变而有常”与“不常之变”彼此联系、互为补充的天道观出发,认定历史运演是“变而有常”与“不常之变”的统一;他既把历史看成按黑、白、赤三统循环顺序运演,又认识到在循环运演中包含着进化;他将事物从量变到质变的原理运用于历史考察,认为历史运演是从量变到质变的结果;他认识到历史与现实之间有着深刻的内在联系,总结前代的历史经验可为后代治国兴邦提供借鉴。

On Dong Zhongshu's Approach to Historical Dialectics

From Dong Zhongshu's world view of naturehuman telepathy,an interrelationship exists between nature and human beings and between the natural world and human society.His view of history is based on his view of the movement among the celestial bodies,i.e."a regular change" is interrelated with and inter-compensable for "an irregular change".The historical development,he assumed,is a unity of "a regular change" and "an irregular change".Accordingly history develops in a continual circular sequence of black,white and red colored trinity.The development involves evolution.Moreover,he applied the law of quantitative-to-qualitative change to his historical study,concluding that the historical development is an outcome of the quantitative-to-qualitative changes.There is a profound internal relation,as he realized,between history and reality.A summary of the historical experience of the preceding generations,therefore,will be good lessons for the present generation to draw concerning how to govern the kingdom with all its states and families.Dong's historical approach embodies profound dialectic thoughts,thus deserving further study.