教育、宗族与地域社会——清中叶江西万载书院再考

地处江西省西北边陲的万载县,在清中叶的嘉庆道光年间出现了兴建书院的热潮,地方宗族也参与其中。宗族参与的方式是以创建族学书院为主以及购置学田、奖以花红盘费、创建试馆等助学措施。宗族创建书院的资料在县志和族谱中均有记载,但各有侧重。县志中收录的族学,强调的是作为书院教的一面,同时也是地方宗族实力兴替的一种体现。族谱中收录的族学,突显的是其养的一面,甚至因此纠缠于义学与义田的兼行分理纠纷之中。宗族组织的积极参与地方教育,与同时期活跃的族群、士绅等群体,使得地域社会的凸显成为清中叶的时代特征之一,有助于帮助理解19世纪以后大历史的发展演变。

Education,Lineage and Local Community:Reexamination of Academy of Classic Learning in Wanzai,Jiangxi,in the Middle Qing Dynasty

Thanks to the involvement of local lineages,there was an upsurge of establishing academy of classic learning from the reign of Emperor Jiaqing to that of Emperor Daoguang in the middle Qing Dynasty in Wanzai,a county in the border area of northwest Jiangxi.Lineages got involved by means of establishing lineage academy,purchasing land for the academy,providing scholarship,and setting up schools for examinations.Records of lineage academy could be found in the county annals and genealogies,which emphasized on...